The Oxford Russian Minidictionary Russian - English; English - Russian. Over 45000 wordd and phrases, over 65000 translations.

. THE OXFORD RUSSIAN MINIDICTIONARY

This brand new addition to Oxford's minidictionary range is the most comprehensive and up-to-date Russian

dictionary of its size. It has been specially designed to meet the needs of students, tourists, and business people alike.

It provides:

e Over 45,000 words and phrases

e Over 65,000 translations

e Comprehensive and contemporary ‚ coverage of both Russian and English vocabulary, together with the newest terminology .

e Idiomatic phrases illustrating words in use ‚_e Stresses for every Russian word

This is a completely new work in the Oxford Minidictionary range and is designed primarily for Englishspeaking users. It provides a handy yet extremely comprehensive reference work for students of Russian, tourists, and business people.

Particular attention has been given to the provision of inflected forms where these cause difficulty, and to showing the stressed syllable of every Russian word as well as changes in stress where they occur. Perfective and imperfective aspects are distinguished and both are given wherever appropriate.

Thanks are due to Alexander and Nina Levtov for their editorial help and valuable advice on contemporary Russian usage, and to Helen McCurdy for help with proof-reading.

n order to save space, related words are often grouped together in paragraphs, as are cross-references and compound entries. The swung dash (—) and the hyphen are also usedto save space. The swung dash represents the headword « preceding it in bold, or the preceding Russian word, e.g. Georgian n rpy3ún, ka. The hyphen is mainly used, in giving grammatical forms, to stand for part of the preceding, or (less often) following, Russian headwords are followed by inflexional information where considered necessary. So-called regular inflexions for the purpose of this dictionary are listed in the Appendices. Where a noun ending is given but not labelled in the singular, it is the genitive ending; other cases are named; | in the plural, where cases are identifiable by their endings, they are not labelled, e.g. cecrpá (pl cöcrpus. cecrèp, cöcrpam). The gender of Russian nouns can usually be deduced from their endings and it ts indicated only in exceptional cases (e.g. for masculine nouns in -a, -A, and -b, neuter nouns in -MA, and all indeclinable nouns). Verbs are labelled impf or pf to show their aspect. Where a pertective verb is formed by the addition ot a prefix to the imperfective, this is shown at the headword by a light vertical stroke, €.g. npo nenerarb. When a verb requires the use of a case other than the accusative, this ts indicated, €. MAXÀT® uri. MAXNyTe pf + unstr wave, brandish.

Both the comma and the ampersand (&) are used to show alternatives, c.g. XOTÉTb + gen, acc means that the Russian verb may govern either the genitive or accusalive; CMporTám & f orphan means that the Russian nounistreated as masculine or feminine according to thesex of the person denoted; Cossack n ka3ák, -áuka represents the masculine and feminine translations of Cossack; dilate vr & í pacwuunpsTb(ca) means that the Russian verb forms cover both the transitive and intransitive English verbs. Stress Thestressof Russian wordsisshown by an acute accent over the vowel of the stressed syllable. The vowel & has no stress-mark since it is almost always stressed. The presence of two stress-marks indicates that either of the marked syllables may be stressed.

The absence of a stress-mark on the second person singular indicates that the stress is on the preceding syllable and that the rest of the conjugation is stressed in this way.

This dictionary includes some words which are, or are asserted to be, proprietary names or trade marks. Their inclusion does not imply that they have acquired for legal purposes a non-proprietary or general significance, nor is any other judgement implied concerning their legal status. In cases where the editor has some evidence that a word is used as a proprietary name or trade mark this ís indicated by the label propr, but no judgement concerning the legal status of such words is made or implied thereby.