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This book describes Snapping Hip Syndrome, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases
Snapping hip syndrome (SHS) medically termed coxa saltans or dancer’s hip is a hip disorder.
A person with SHS may hear a snapping sound or feel a snapping sensation when their affected hip joint moves.
When muscle tendons are inflamed, often from overuse, they can click or snap as they move over the hip socket bone.
SHS is more frequent in women, though it can involve people of all genders and ages.
Types of snapping hip syndrome
There are 3 main types of snapping hip syndrome:

1. Internal snapping hip
   This type happens when the tendons slide over bone structures at the front of the hip joint.
   This form of SHS most often happens as the iliopsoas tendon snaps over underlying bony prominences, such as the iliopectinal eminence or the anterior part of the femoral head.
2. External snapping hip
   With this type, the tendon or muscle slides over bone at the top of the thigh bone, or femur.
   External SHS happens when the iliotibial band glides over the top of the femur, an area called the greater trochanter, along the outside.
3. Intra-articular snapping hip
   In this third type, a snapping hip is produced by an actual hip joint issue or injury.
   Unlike external or internal SHS, intra-articular SHS is not produced by a tendon or muscle.
   Many cases of SHS are harmless but can raise the danger for joint damage.
   For athletes and dancers, more serious instances of this disorder can produce pain and involve their overall performance.
   Causes
   SHS is often produced by the hip tendon or muscle sliding over bone.
   As the muscle stretches, it causes tension that leads to a snapping sensation when released.
   The underlying cause of the snapping hip is dependent on the type of SHS the patient has.
   Internal SHS
   Internal snapping hip happens when the hip muscle or tendons slide over the front of the hip joint.
   It is normally produced when the iliopsoas tendon (the tendon connecting the inner hip muscles to the thigh bone) moves over the pelvic bone.
   Another cause of this disorder is when the quadriceps muscle moves over the ball part of the hip’s ball-and-socket joint.
   Internal SHS is the second most frequent form of this disorder.
   People with internal snapping hip often have a gradual start of symptoms that worsen over time.
   They may feel the pain near the groin and can hear a popping sound when they run.
   External SHS
   External snapping hip is most often due to the iliotibial band moving over the greater trochanter of the femoral head during hip movements in flexion, extension, and external or internal rotation.
   Other causes are:
4. The proximal hamstring tendon rolling over the ischial tuberosity,
5. Either the fascia lata or the anterior aspect of the gluteus maximus rolling over the greater trochanter
6. The psoas tendon rolling over the medial fibers of the iliacus muscle.
   A combination of defects is also possible such as thickening of both the posterior iliotibial band and anterior gluteus maximus, which snap over the greater trochanter at the same time
   This is the most frequent type of SHS.
   People with this form of SHS may have heard or felt snapping while running or climbing stairs.
   They may also feel some pain and tenderness on the outside of the hip.
   It often is painful to lie on this hip at night, and the pain may become worse over time.
   Intra-articular SHS
   Unlike internal and external SHS, intra-articular SHS is not produced from a muscle or tendon.
   Instead, a hip joint injury or issue can activate this disorder.
   Treatment is painkillers and physiotherapy if there is pain or disability.
   Surgery is seldom needed to lengthen or loosen the iliopsoas tendon.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Snapping Hip Syndrome
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Trochanteric Bursitis
Chapter 8 Sciatica
Epilogue